Hydraulic turbine



IJ. NEGRI.

HYDRAULIC TURBINE. I -APPLICATIQN FILED APR.22, 1920. 1,412,313.

1 2 wn 1,. Y 1/ 2 a @Fmi 1 *.7, um f ,7 n -E m2, y m j H .w if Y D@ VW g I l 1 Ml im N w l. NEGRI. HYDRAULIC TURBINE. APPLICATION man 4PR.22. 1920.

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNLTED HYDRAULIC TURBrNE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

l' Application filed April 22, 1920. Serial No. 375,775.

To all Iw 710ml t muy concern.: f

Be it known that I, .Iosnrrr NGRI, a sub ject of the King of Italyj of St. Die, Vosges, France, have invented'certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Turbines, of which the following' is a specification.

rI`he present invention has reference to a turbine of the. hydraulicl type in which the inlet and outlet sections of the current of liquid may be instantly regulated according to the outputfofthe feed source. without its being necessary to modify the originalV angles of t-he :vaines or blades of the motor wheel in order to maintain the 'regularspeed and maximum yield of the turbine.

The accompanying drawings show by way of example'one manner of constructing this turbine.

Fig. l is a vertical longitudinal section thereof.

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the inlet regulating cylinder.

Fig. 3 is a perspective thereof.

Fig. 4L is a perspective of the helical distributing vane mounted in the interior of the regulating cylinder or forming oneI body therewith. Y

Fig. 5 is an end view of the regulating flywheel for regulating the escape of the liquid.

Fig. 6 is an end view of the mot-ive wheel of the turbine.

Fig. 7 is a development of a form of construction of the motive wh'eel and of its vane.

a is the body of the turbine provided with water inlet pipe b connected to the supply pipe c, and with an out-let pipe cl. In the closed cylindrical chamber below the pipe Z there is movably mounted a cylinder e pierced with an opening c corresponding to the sect-ion of Zi and provided, on one side with teeth e2 extending over a part of its periphery on the inside. These teeth mesh with a pinion f the axis f of which traverses the bottom g of the turbine and carries an operating wheel f2.

Inside the cylinder e there is mounted a vane 7L adapted to form one body with the said cylinder or to be separated therefrom, as is t-he case shown in the drawing. In this latter case it is fixed to the bottom g by three screws i which may be provided with rollers j. 7c is the motive shaft of the turbine, concentric to the cylinder e and abutting at the end against the ball bearing Z. Upon this shaft their is keyed the motive wheel which, in the example shown, is of truncated form,

but which might just as well be also of cylindrical form. Between the. hub m and t-he felloc m of this wheel there are cast on or mounted vanes a the number and pitch of which are a function of the output and of the speed to be obtained (three are shown by way of example in t-he accompanying drawing). Against the outer face of this wheel there is applied and held in position by pressure a disc 0 provided with flat vanes p which, according to the position they occupy, are adapted either to entirely uncover thewater outlet orifice or to stop it. up more or less. .To this end the connection between the disc 0 and the motive wheel m is ensured by two pins q carried by a plate r subjected to the pressure of a spring s which bears against a cap t screwed on a tapped bearing 7c of the shaft 7c. The ends of the pins Q penetrate into recesses u made in the liub m so that during the running of the turbine t-he motive wheel and its disc rotate together.

To permit of the modification of the relative positions of these two organs the disc 0 carries upon its periphery teeth 0 adapted to mesh with a toothed pinion o carried by a shaft /v operated by a wheel o2 and which in the normal position, is held out of engagement due to the thrust of a spring interposed between the said wheel and the cap y which covers the small chamber a made to receive the pinion o.

In order to regulate the quantity of water admitted at the inlet, it suiiices to turn the wheel f2. Under the action of the pinion f the distributing cylinder e turns upon its axis and the orifice. e then corresponds more or less exact-ly with a tube l) from the total admission up to the complete closing.

In the different opening positions t-he water is directed without shock and without jerks, by the helical vane 7L upon the motive wheel m m and imparts to it a rotary movement which carries along the driving shaft c.

In order to regulate the escape in working of the output of the main wat-er supply conduit, the turbine being stopped pressure is applied to the wheel o2 in such wise as to push back the shaft 'v' and bring the pinion o into engagement with the Jteeth o of the disc o. Then by manually turning the wheel the disc is given a rotary movement under the action of which the pins g leave the recesses u and compress the spring s. The disc then becomes displaced, in relation to the driving wheel, by an angle variable at Will and the wings p stop up more or less the outlet orifices in the Wheel m, m.

Due to this double regulation there is secured Without its being necessary to change the original angles of the vanes of the nio-- tive Wheel, a regular running and With a sensibly variable output of Water and also a maximum yield, the pressure ol the Water being exercised always Without shocks over the Whole surface of the vanes of the motive or driving Wheel.

What I claim is:

1. In a hydraulic turbine7 a casing having inlet and outlet ducts, a cylinder mounted for partial rotation in the casing` and having an opening communicating with the inlet duct and an opening cominuicating with the outlet duct, a rotor mounted in said casing in rear of said cylinder, a vane in said cylinder, means to partly turn the cylinder and thereby regulate and vary the quantity 0i Water passing through the inlet duct and cylinder to the rotor, and means to regulate and vary the quantity of water discharged through the rotor and the outlet duct.

2. In a hydraulic turbine, a casing having inlet and outlet ducts, a cylinder mounted for partial rotation in the casing and having an opening comlnunicatingwith the inlet duct and an opening communicating with the outlet duct, a rotor mounted in said casing in rear of said cylinder, a vane in said cylinder, means to partly turn the cylinder and thereby regulate and vary the quantity of water passing through the inlet duct and cylinder to the rotor, and means to regulate and vary the quantity of Water discharged through the rotor and the outlet duct, said means comprising a disc having openings, and means to adjust said disc to'vary the effective area of said openings.

In Witness whereof I aflix my signature. JOSEPH NEGRI. Witnesses:

JEANPIERRE CHUNFFEUR EMILE, V.ILEs BUCK. Y 

